QUESTION I was wondering if you could explain a few things . . . -The use of words such as mabilisan and mabagalan as adjectives -When to use pinag- and pina- prefixes (and what makes them different from mag- and -in forms) -When is it 'gusto ko' or 'gusto kong' (as well as when using 'hindi') -Understanding when to use pagka-, pag- nouns, and ka- . . . -an nouns Maraming salamat po!
MY ANSWER -The use of words such as mabilisan and mabagalan as adjectives The use of words such as mabilisan and mabagalan as adjectives Mabilisan not only means to be sped up but also means urgent. Ang kanilang mabilisan na desisyon ay ang nakasira sa kanilang pamilya = Their urgent decision is what broke their family. Mabagalan in the other hand will not function as an adjective due to the AN affix at the end. So, it would be like: ang pagdating ng gamot ay baka mabagalan dahil sa ating sitwasyon. = The arrival of the medicine might be slowed down (be slower) because of our situation. We use Pinag prefixes with causative sentences. What I mean that is the subject was caused to do something by someone/something. Pinag-alala mo ang ate ako = I made me worried about me OR You CAUSED me to worry about you.
-When to use pinag- and pina- prefixes (and what makes them different from mag- and -in forms) Now, with PINA affixes, we would use this with causative sentences that must include, focus, and follow an object. Pinakain ako ng tatay ko ng mansanas = My dad made me eat an apple. So, it sort of like MADE SOMEONE DO SOMETHING. Now, how is this different from UM & IN affixes. Remember, UM affixes are actor focus that focuses on the doer/actor of the sentence, while IN affixes the opposite since they focus on the object of the sentence. Realize that UM & IN affixes are not used in causative sentences while Pinag & Pina does.
-When is it 'gusto ko' or 'gusto kong' (as well as when using 'hindi') This part should be easy. Gusto is a root verb that means to like something. Gusto ko ito = I like this. Hindi ko gusto ito = I don't like this. However, we can use the word na to connect this to a verb. Gusto ko na kumain OR Gusto kong kumain (contracted) = I like to eat.
-Understanding when to use pagka-, pag- nouns, and ka- . . . -an noun Now, this one is a tricky one because this is something when a verb takes the form of a subject. It's when the action is presented as something HAVING DONE or the action BEING EXPRESSED by the root word. You can also take this as a translation of THE WAY + of + gerund verb. Let's take a look at an example. Ang kanilang pagkasunduan ay ang lunas sa kanilang relasyon = Their way of agreement is the cure of their relationship. Realize that the verb root sundo means to agree. Adding pagka - an makes it as the verb the focus and therefore becomes the subject of the sentence. Now, let's look at the PAGKA only. Ang pagkalayo nila ay ang dahilan ng kanilang kamatayan = The way of their separation is the reason of their death. Remember, since PAG & IPAG are used in causative sentences, they must be used with verbs only so they wouldn't be added to nouns. Take a look at the word Pagkain, which means food. Kain means to eat, adding pag turns it into pagkain = food. Think about this as a translation of SOMETHING TO BE + past participle verb = PAG. Pagkain = food = something to be eaten Paglalaban = battle = something to be fighting Paghahanap = looking for = something to be look At last but not least, KA-AN affixes. Think of the word kayamanan = richness. Ang kanyang kayaman ang dahilan kung bakit siya nandito = His richness is the reason why he is here. YAMAN is the noun in this sentence which means wealth. Adding KA-AN affix turns it into a noun that expresses quality. Think of this translation of his/her/its QUALITY OF. Ang aking kayamanan = My quality of wealth OR my richness. Kanyang katanungan = His/her quality of question = his/her interrogation Thanks for your patience. If you have any questions let me know. Also, if you're looking to improve your Filipino Grammar, join my course through google classroom or subscribe to my channel at https://www.youtube.com/channel/UCHNl6auqTsjaR7KGMpnyYaA/ Salamat po!
Appreciation Much appreciated for your answers: it makes sense now, haha. Saved this thread for future reference -- and I'll check out your channel. Thanks again!
Question Part 2: MO VS KA
QUESTION When do we use Mo rather than Ka?
MY ANSWER KA is a version of ikaw in which we only use when we switch the subject and the verb in a sentence. E.g. Ikaw ay kumain OR kumain ka. Mo, in the other hand, we use this to mean Your. Ano ang pangalan mo? = What is YOUR name? We also use this to mean to mean YOU when we use IN verbs. Kinain mo ba ang pagkain? = did YOU eat the food?
Question Part 2: SI VS NI
QUESTION When do we use Si and Ni ?
MY ANSWER
Si is what I call a name marker because we use it to include names in sentences. Si Maria at si Ben ay kumakain = Ben & Maria are eating. Ni is also a name marker but we use it only when the focus is on the object. Ang mansanas ay ni Maria = The apple was eaten by Maria. You can think of using this as the word BY. Ininom ni Ben ang gatas = The milk was drank by Ben.
Question Part 3: About NG
QUESTION Can we have more than one 'ng' in one sentence?
MY ANSWER Yes, only when the sentence refers to two or more object/subject. For example, ang pagkain NG matanda ay kinain NG bata = The oldman's food was eaten by the kid.
Question Part 4: About NGA
QUESTION Nga means what?
MY ANSWER Nga sometimes means "really" --> Siya nga ang kumain ng kanin = He is really the one who ate the apple! More examples: Ikaw nga talaga siya! = You are really him!, Ako nga ang kailangan mo = I am the one who you really need. HOWEVER, that's in my opinion. NGA is an UNTRANSLATABLE WORD. It is an adverb that adds emphasis.
Question Part 5: About IN Verbs
QUESTION How do we get the past tense of the I-verb. MY ANSWER IN VERBS are the verbs that focuses on the object of the sentence. Kinain ko ang mansanas - the apple was eaten by me. So, the whole conjugation would be. PAST: Insert IN after the first letter of the root verb. KAIN - root word, kINain past tense w/ IN Verbs.
Question Part 6: Rules of MAG VERBS
QUESTION What are rules that govern the use of affix 'Mag'
MY ANSWER when you’re using a pronouns with mag verbs, the pronouns must be the focus of the sentence. It’s also used as a command. For example, Maglakad ka doon!
Question Part 7: ANG & NG WORD ORDER
QUESTION Why is it that sometimes 'ng' comes first then 'ang' follows? Like Iluluto ng babae ang isda
MY ANSWER Okay... iluluto ng babae ang isda should be "lulutuin ng babae ang isda" because "lulutuin" is an IN Affix that focuses on the object of the sentence. Remember the rule that the pronoun must be in the same focus as the verb. So, coming back to your question. NG in this sentence functions as a marker for an INDIRECT OBJECT. "ANG" in the sentence functions as an DIRECT OBJECT, making the whole sentence focus on the word ISDA. So, whenever the sentence has a verb with IN Affix, an INDIRECT OBJECT, and a DIRECT OBJECT, that's when it will happen.
Question Part 8: ROOT VERBS AS NOUNS
QUESTION Can a 'root' be used in a sentence without the affix? Eg 'Luto'
MY ANSWER Yes, however those root words would not be translated as a gerund. Luto in a sentence would be like a dish. Eg. Ang adobo ang laging luto niya. - His dish is always adobo. So, root verbs in a sentence often exist as nouns.
Question Part 9: TOO MANY VERBS
QUESTION How many types of verbs are there in Tagalog?
MY ANSWER Sorry for the late response. Here's the quick explanation about how many types of verbs are there in Tagalog/Filipino. First, verbs will take place into these focuses: Actor, Object, Locative, Abilitative, Benefactive, & Causative. Second, these verbs could be in an infinitive or imperative forms. Third, these verbs would be conjugated into three different tenses: past, present, & future tense. At last, these verbs would be conjugated that depends on the focus of sentence that would have different affixes attached to it.
Question Part 10: ANO vs ANO ANG
QUESTION When do we use Anong instead of Ano ang?
MY ANSWER You can use them interchangeably. Anong is a contraction from the words Ano ang
QUESTIONS PART 11 - CONTINUE
Question Part 11: SINO vs AKIN
QUESTION Sino? Akin? MY ANSWER Sino is a question that means "Who" while Akin is a part of Oblique Pronouns that are very prepositional "Sa akin" = to me/for me. Sino ang kumain ng pagkain? Who ate the food?, Para sa akin ba ito? = Is this for me?
Question Part 12: The unknown word KUKAKOY
QUESTION What is kuyakoy? I got to swing one's feet when sitting. Why would you do that?
MY ANSWER Kukakoy means the swinging of one's feet when sitting. This means when you are sitting down and you voluntarily move your feet back & forth. My best estimate of this word came from the noise of someone's swinging.
Question Part 13: MAGPA vs MAPA, IPA vs PA & MA-AN Affix
QUESTION Please help me understand these affixed - Magpa vs mapa, Ipa vs pa, Ma- ... - an - Salamat'
MY ANSWER Finally. Now, I get to answer your question. Let's start with MAGPA magpa came from nagpa affixes in the future tense. nagpa + root verb to nagpa + cv + root verb to magpa + cv + root verb. Nagpa affixes are affixes that are used only when you want to say that you asked someone else to do something and you are not doing it yourself. Nagpaluto si Maria ng adobo para sa tatay niya sa kusinero. = Maria asked the cook to make adobo for her father. Magpapaluto si Maria ng adobo para sa tatay niya sa kusinero. = Maria will ask the cook to make adobo for her father. Now, let's look at affix MAPA Think of this affix to mean "to make someone do something involuntary" OR "made someone do something". Also, realize that this MAPA came from the affix NAPA in the future tense. napaiyak to napaiiyak to mapaiiyak Now, let's look at an example. Napaiyak ako ni Toto dahil sa kanta niya = Toto's song made me cry. Mapahihiya (OR mapapahiya) mo ako sa mga ginagawa mo = You will make me embarrassed because of what you're doing. Now, let's look at IPA IPA came from the affix I + PA + IN Affixes where the focus is on the object. This affix is used in causative sentences where a person causes another person to do something. Ipakakain ko ang mansanas sa nanay ko = I will asked my mom to eat the apple. Remember, the mansanas in here is the object of the sentence. Pa doesn't exist as an individual affix itself. You might have seen this in with the reduplication of the root verb palo: papalo At last, MA-AN came from the root verb NA-AN Affixes in the future tense. This affix focuses on the location of the sentence. Nasakyan - nasasakyan - masasakyan. Masasakyan ko ang kotseng maganda = I will ride on the beautiful car.
The Eight Legend Question Question Part 14
QUESTIONS I have some questions that I need help with. 1. Which is correct? Gustong gusto kong sumakay (infinitive) ng tren. Gustong gusto kong sumasakay (gerund) ng tren. 2. What's the difference between kamusta and kumusta? 3. How to use nasa vs sa as prepositions? 4. What's the difference between Saan ka nakatira? and Saan ka ba nakatira? 5. What's the difference between IN verbs plus i and without i? For example: tinanim vs itinanim 6. Why are there different ways to conjugate IN verbs such as: What are the rules for these? Kinain (kain) Nilakad (lakad) Pinatulog (tulog) Pinaliguan (ligo) 7. How to explain the difference between Nakuha and Nakakuha? 8. What's the difference between: Ang alak ay dala niya. and Ang alak ang dala niya. Please help me! Thank you!
MY ANSWER Which is correct?Gustong gusto kong sumakay (infinitive) ng tren. Gustong gusto kong sumasakay (gerund) ng tren. 1. Gusto kong sumakay ng tren. Sumakay = to ride (infinitive) OR sumakay = rode (past tense). sumasakay however is riding. What's the difference between kamusta and kumusta? 2. Kumusta is the right now due to it's origin from the spanish word Cómo estás? How to use nasa vs sa as prepositions? 3. Nasa is for current location. Nasa tren ako nakasakay = At the train I am riding. Sa is for location in the future. Pupunta ako sa tindahan = I will go to the store. However, there are more uses of SA. But from your question. The use of it is as a preposition in the future. What's the difference between Saan ka nakatira? and Saan ka ba nakatira? 4. Using BA is just a word we use to make it more like a question. BA is an untranslatable word. It just adds emphasis. What's the difference between IN verbs plus i and without i? For example: tinanim vs itinanim 5. IN affixes are verbs used to indicate the object as the focus of the sentence. Kinain ko ay mansanas = I ate apple. Ininom ko ang tubig = I drank the water. The focus are on the object: mansanas and tubig. ITINANIM however is a different meaning. Itinanim ko ang puno kay Marko = I had Marko plant the trees. I + IN VERBS is used when you're not doing the action yourself but rather to someone else. Why are there different ways to conjugate IN verbs such as: What are the rules for these? Kinain (kain), Nilakad (lakad), Pinatulog (tulog), Pinaliguan (ligo) 6. Pinatulog & pinakain takes PINA Affixes where it's different from IN verbs. Tinulog & Kinain would be the result of using IN verbs with the verbs tulog & kain. I don't know if there's any rules at all applied to know whether the IN affixes is placed before as NI or placed after the first letter as IN. How to explain the difference between Nakuha and Nakakuha? 7. Nakuha & Nakakuha are completely different. Take the root verb kuha = to obtain. Nakuha would mean obatined while nakakuha = was able to obtain. Nakuha is a verb that takes NA affixes while Nakakuha takes NAKA affixes which shows ability. Nakuha ko ang mansanas = I obtained the apple. Nakakuha ako ng mansanas = I was able to obtain an apple. What's the difference between: Ang alak ay dala niya. and Ang alak ang dala niya. 8. Now, this all goes back into which is the focus of the sentence. Ang alak ay dala niya is the sentence that focuses on ALAK which is marked by the word ANG. On the other hand, ang alak ang dala niya is the sentence that focues on DALA instead of ALAK marked by the word ANG before dala. I know that was a lot. Hope it helps!!